Tuning Transport Phenomena in Agarose Gels for the Control of Protein Nucleation Density and Crystal Form

Agarose gels provide the ideal environment for studying nucleation step of complex biomacromolecules under diffusion-controlled conditions. In present paper, we characterized influence agarose on three model proteins, i.e., lysozyme, insulin, and proteinase K, as a function concentration using batch method set-up inside flat capillaries. By this set-up, were able to directly count number crystals in given volume correlate it with amount average crystal size. We also studied crystallization behavior K free-interface diffusion so that conditions achieved through slow precipitant. Thanks control over protein mass transport imposed by network, previously unknown form, P212121, was obtained, three-dimensional structure determined at 1.6 Å resolution. Overall, versatility makes them candidates preparation microcrystalline suspensions biopharmaceuticals precise reproducible attributes or exploration existence different polymorphs.